Xôi ngũ sắc is deeply rooted in the beliefs and customs of the ethnic groups in the northern mountainous regions. The term "ngũ sắc" refers to the five colours of the sticky rice, which symbolize the five elements: metal, wood, water, fire, and earth, reflecting the harmony of the universe and a desire for a balanced and peaceful life.

Each colour carries its own significance: red represents good fortune, positive energy, and strength; yellow symbolizes wealth, prosperity, and abundance; green signifies freshness, hope, and life; purple stands for loyalty, affection, and gratitude; while white embodies purity, clarity, and new beginnings.

Xôi ngũ sắc serves as a symbol of unity, abundance, and luck. It is commonly prepared during festive occasions, showcasing people's gratitude towards nature, the heavens, and ancestors, as well as the respect and hospitality of the hosts. During celebrations, the rich aroma of xôi ngũ sắc mingles with the scents of various forest leaves, creating an inviting atmosphere. The sticky rice is steamed in large wooden containers placed over glowing fires, contributing to a warm and joyful setting.

The primary ingredient for xôi ngũ sắc is either glutinous rice known as "nếp cái hoa vàng" or "nếp ngỗng." To achieve natural colours, different plants, roots, and fruits are utilized. Typically served hot, it can be enjoyed with sesame salt, Vietnamese pork sausage, or other side dishes.

In contemporary times, xôi ngũ sắc features not only the traditional five colours but also a variety of additional hues. Moreover, there are numerous creative variations of xôi ngũ sắc that incorporate different ingredients and spices, resulting in unique and enticing culinary delights.